PHYSICS BYTES

HP BOARD FINAL QUESTION PAPER 2026

Subject: PHYSICS (Theory) | Class: XI

Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 60

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

  • (i) There are 27 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
  • (ii) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
  • (iii) All the sections are compulsory.
  • (iv) Section A contains 12 objective type questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 4 questions of 2 marks each. Section C contains 7 questions of 3 marks each. Section D contains 1 Case Study based question of 4 marks. Section E contains three long answer questions of 5 marks each.
  • (v) There is no overall choice. However an internal choice has been provided in all three questions in Section E and in select questions of other sections.
  • (vi) All questions given in Section-A (Multiple Choice Questions) are to be attempted on OMR sheet provided with Answer book.
  • (vii) Use of Calculator is not allowed.

SECTION - A

(Multiple Choice Questions)

1.
The significant figures of number 20340 are :
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 1
1
2.
The position of an object moving along x-axis is given by the equation $x=5t-t^{2}$ where x is in m and t in s. The instantaneous speed at $t=2s$ is :
(a) $6~m/s$
(b) $1~m/s$
(c) $14~m/s$
(d) $3~m/s$
1
3.
The angle between two equal vectors is :
(a) $0^{\circ}$
(b) $30^{\circ}$
(c) $90^{\circ}$
(d) $180^{\circ}$
1
4.
When moving bus suddenly stops, the passenger fall forward, it is due to :
(a) Inertia of Motion.
(b) Inertia of Direction.
(c) Inertia of Rest.
(d) Gravitational pull of Earth.
1
5.
If a Force of 10 N moves an object 15m in the direction of Force. How much work is done?
(a) 1.5 J
(b) 150 J
(c) 100 J
(d) 0.66 J
1
6.
In which of the following process of Heat transfer, no medium is required?
(a) Conduction
(b) Convection
(c) Radiation
(d) All of the above
1
7.
First law of Thermodynamics is the law of Conservation of :
(a) Mass
(b) Energy
(c) Linear Momentum
(d) Angular Momentum
1
8.
The ratio of Molar specific Heats $\left(\frac{C_{p}}{C_{v}}\right)$ of Monoatomic gas is :
(a) $\frac{5}{3}$
(b) $\frac{7}{9}$
(c) $\frac{5}{7}$
(d) $\frac{7}{5}$
1
9.
A child swinging on a Swing in the sitting position stands up, then the time period of the Swing will :
(a) Increase
(b) Decrease
(c) Remain the same
(d) Increase, if the Child is long and decrease, if the Child is short.
1
10.
The speed of Sound wave in gas :
(a) Does not depend upon density of the gas.
(b) Does not depend upon change in pressure.
(c) Does not depend upon temperature.
(d) None of these.
1
For Q. No. 11 and 12, two statements are given - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
11.
Assertion (A): Sound waves cannot travel in Vacuum but light can travel in Vacuum.
Reason (R): Sound waves are longitudinal waves and cannot be polarised but electromagnetic waves are transverse and they can be polarised.
1
12.
Assertion (A): Blood pressure in Humans is greater at the feet than at the Brain.
Reason (R): Pressure exerted by a Liquid depends on the height of Liquid column.
1

SECTION - B

(Very Short Answer Type Questions)

13.
Derive by method of Dimensions, an expression for the time period (T) of oscillation of the simple pendulum, assuming that this time period depends upon (i) Length of the pendulum (l) and (ii) acceleration due to gravity (g).
2
14.
Define the Instantaneous velocity and how is it calculated?
2
15.
What is Acceleration due to gravity? Derive an expression for it?
2
16.
What is principle of Super position of Waves?
OR
Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves.
2

SECTION - C

(Short Answer Type Questions)

17.
A projectile is fired with velocity 'u' making an angle '$\theta$' with the horizontal. Derive an expression for maximum height and horizontal range.
3
18.
What is Kinetic energy. Show that Kinetic energy of a body of mass 'm' moving with velocity 'v' is $\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$
3
19.
Define the Escape velocity and show that the Escape velocity of a planet is $\sqrt{2gR}$, where g is the acceleration due to gravity of the planet and R is the Radius?
3
20.
On the basis of Stress-strain curve. Define the terms:
(a) Elastic limit.
(b) Ultimate tensile strength.
(c) Elastomers.
3
21.
What do you mean by Thermal expansion? Show that $\alpha=\frac{\beta}{2}=\frac{\gamma}{3}$, where symbols have their usual meanings.
3
22.
What do you mean by Isothermal process. State essential conditions for such a process to take place. Show that work done by one mole of an ideal gas during volume expansion from $V_{1}$ to $V_{2}$ at temperature T is given by : $W=RT~log_{e}\frac{V_{2}}{V_{1}}.$
3
23.
What is Simple Harmonic motion? Show that motion of a Pendulum is S.H.M. and hence derive an expression for the time period of the Pendulum.
3

SECTION - D

(Case Study Based Questions)

24.
Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the questions based on it. Moment of Inertia of a body about an axis of rotation of the body is defined as the sum of the products of the masses of the constituent particles of the body and square of the distances of the respective particles from the axis of rotation. Its value depends upon the axis of rotation and the distribution of mass of the body. M.I. plays the same role in rotational motion as the force plays in the translation motion.

(A) S.I. unit of moment of Inertia is:

(a) $Kg^{2}m^{2}$
(b) $Kg~m^{2}$
(c) $Kg~m^{-2}$
(d) $Kg~m$

(B) Moment of Inertia is the rotational analogue of :

(a) Torque
(b) Mass
(c) Force
(d) Angular Momentum

(C) The M.I. of a Solid sphere of mass 5 kg and radius 1 m about its diameter is:

(a) $\frac{1}{2}Kg~m^{2}$
(b) $2~Kg~m^{2}$
(c) $\frac{1}{5}Kg~m^{2}$
(d) $5~Kg~m^{2}$

(D) The moment of Inertia of a body, depends upon :

(a) Distribution of Mass from axis of Rotation.
(b) Angular velocity of the Body.
(c) Angular acceleration of the Body.
(d) None of the above.
4

SECTION - E

(Long Answer Type Questions)

25.
What is the need for banking of Road? Find expression for the maximum velocity required for a Car on a Banked road by taking into account the force of friction for safe turn.
OR
State Newton's second law of motion. Show that Newton's second law is the real law of motion.
5
26.
State Bernoulli's theorem. Prove that total energy possessed by a flowing ideal fluid is always conserved? Can Bernoulli's equation be used to describe the flow of Water through a rapid in a River?
OR
Explain the concept of Surface energy and Surface tension and establish a relationship between them. How does the surface tension vary with temperature?
5
27.
What are the basic assumptions of Kinetic theory of Gases. On their basis, derive an expression for the pressure exerted by an ideal gas?
OR
(a) Prove that Average Kinetic Energy of a gas molecule is proportional to the absolute temperature of the Gas?
(b) A flask contains argon and chlorine in the ratio of 2:1 by mass. The temperature of mixture is $27^{\circ}C$ obtain the ratio of (i) average kinetic energy per molecule and (ii) Root mean square speed $V_{rms}$ of the molecules of the two gases. Atomic mass of argon $=39.9~u$ ; Molecular mass of chlorine $=70.9~u$.
5
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